Leadership and Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Leadership and Change - Essay Example Although there is no universal definition of the structural behavioral interviews, these can be employed to produce strong outcomes that are similar to proven techniques such as, assessment centers and ability tests. The structural interviews can be conducted in phases, involving peer discussions and telephonic interview. The third phase or reference checking is necessary for quality purposes. Leadership is referred to the process of initiating, enabling, developing, implementing and maintaining change with the management structure of an organization, group or team. In a continuously evolving environment, the role of leaders is critical for managing and maintaining organizational performance. According to the Path Goal theory, effectiveness of a leader is greatly dependent on the circumstances wherein an individual works and the leaders tend to adopt various strategies to find the best solution so as to cope with the situation (House, 1996). Leaders exhibit different managerial styles to induce change management in an organization in order to keep pace with the radical changes occurring in the external environment. However, this fact does not explain that effective leadership is driven by subjective preferences. Along with the Path goal theory, the situational aspect of leadership is supported by Fiedler’s contingency model. The contingency model states that rigorousness in the relationship between leadership style and effectiveness can be reduced by increasing the ability of leaders to control a particular situation. The contingency model has proposed three components that influence situational favorability, namely leader-member relationship, task structure and power of the leader (Offermann, Kennedy & Wirtz, 1994). In context of the current paper, the organization in subject is Procter & Gamble, where questions regarding employee satisfaction and retention

Consanguineous Marriages among Arabs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Consanguineous Marriages among Arabs - Essay Example Thus beginning should focus on the significant of this research to our largest society since the marriage as it definition stated above is mainly adapt by blood relations. To this end, readers are expected to gain a lots from the digging that would made of the merit and demerit of the said marriage, so that they would either practicing it if any, or else reduce, based on the lessons they grab from the writing. It should be noted however that consanguineous marriage is not only practicing by Arab in this world, it is a general phenomenon among humanity. Since it is a marriage that exists among biological relations, for example, first cousins, uncle's son marries auntie's daughter and others. It is a union between male and female among al, races irrespective of where they came from. For example, "around the globe consanguineous marriages have been practiced by many societies from time immemorial. It is widely practiced in Asia, North Africa, Switzerland, Middle East, some parts of China, Japan and fishermen communities in Europe and America. One in two rural marriages in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are consanguineous". (Problem with consanguineous marriage) Since the said marriage is a general phenomenon among all races, as long as they contracted marriage based on blood relations. Thus this research would explore all channels towards knowing much about the marriage, and what are the positive and negative implications that would befall on any society that remain only on contracting consanguineous marriage. By doing so, societies would be able to taker a stand on what they should do if it happens they are very much deep in it. While academically, this research would add lots to knowledge seekers especially in the field under discussion, to know much about consanguineous marriage, how it is practicing and it positive and negative impact to the societies. To this end, after the research, they would use what they might have learn toward inculcating to their societies, especially who are practicing the type of that marriage in shading more light to them, so they can adjust where necessary. Since the research on the above mention marriage is primarily focusing on its practices among Arabs, there is the need to make an assessment on the rate of it practices in the Arab countries to further clarify the issue. CAUSES OF CONSANGENEOUS MARRIEGE AND ITS EFFECT At this point there is the need to research on what are the causes of consanguineous marriage Why some societies continue to remain firm on practicing this marriage despite the fact even if it has positive, it also has it negative effect One of the researches conducted has shows that one of the causes of practicing consanguineous is said to enhance cordial relationship among families, it is said to also increase the nature of political relationship, being religious or cultural.In Middle East for example, it is found that one of the vigor reasons of engaging in consanguineous marriage is for enhancing political development among Arabs people. The ties of relations in marriage affairs in that part of the world is very significant in continue being under one umbrella. A writer name Kurtz, write about why Arab people of the Middle East prefer consanguineous ma