The Effect Of Scaffolds On Bone Tissue Engineering

Development of scaffolds plays a vital role in bone tissue engineering in order to repair, regenerate tissues by mimicking of natural bone extracellular matrixes. Considering that bone is a composite of minerals and proteins, it is preferred to develop a composite that mimics natural bone. The ideal nanocomposite materials should have biocompatibility, suitable mechanical and antimicrobial properties, nontoxicity and surface functionality to favor cell proliferation.1,2 Many organic-inorganic materials have been developed to mimic natural bone which is composed of inorganic hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and organic collagen fibrils. Among these, chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been selected extensively due to their excellent biocompatibility with human body.3 CTS is a natural bidegradable polysaccharide, served as the best bioactive biomaterials in bone grafting and well-known for their excellent biocompatibility with the human body environment. CTS composed of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine units, linked in ÃŽ ² (1-4) manner, obtained from chitin by partial or complete deacetylation. It is flexible in nature and has a resistance upon heating. CTS is excellent biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and non-immunogenicity.4,5 HAP has attracted much attention as a biomaterial because its chemical composition is identical to that of human bone. HAP is a highly biocompatible, biostable and bio-adopta ble natural ceramic withShow MoreRelatedEssay On Scaffolds819 Words   |  4 PagesCurrently, there is a global increase in cases of bone disorders and conditions, which is expected to increase as twice as much by 2020 particularly in countries where obesity and poor physical activity are associated with aging[1]. Although reconstructive orthopaedic surgery can be used to treat bone defects and injuries caused by trauma, additional treatments are required for severe breaks or pathological conditions as well as critical bone defects due to malformation, cancer or osteoporosis inRead MoreMechanical Properties Of Bone Tissue Engineering1974 Words   |  8 PagesBiomaterials Used in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review Study Parag Borulkar(Student)*1,Mr.V .L. Bhanavse(Guide) *2 *1Mechanical Engineering, S.K.N College of Engineering Poggy800@gmail.com *2Mechanical Engineering, S.K.N College of Engineering Vishavjit_bhanavase@rediffmail.com Abstract- In the recent past a lot of research has been taking place in the field of bone tissue engineering related to repairing and replacement of bones. In this paper we are going to study three basic bone tissue replacementsRead MoreDeveloping A Composite Scaffold That Integrates Growth Factors935 Words   |  4 Pagesproposal is to develop a composite scaffold that integrates growth factors to overcome neuron growth-preventing factors attributed to glial scarring in injuries to the central nervous system (CNS). The environment formed from glial scarring is inhibitory to the development and survival of cells that are implanted at the site of injury, chiefly due to the inability of axons to extend through glial scars. However, glial scarring is necessary to protect brain tissue from infection and to prevent additionalRead MoreEssay On 2. 3 Cross Linking By Two Photon Polymerization1179 Words   |  5 Pagesapproaches [28, 29] (e.g., stereolithography, electrospinning, and 3D fib er deposition modeling) have garnered attention for fabricating materials for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. However, those techniques have lower resolution and are not effectively used to mimic features of the architecture of the natural cells and/or tissues. Recently, 2PP has been employed to create the 3D materials because it can generate the structures with feature sizes in the range of sub-100 nm toRead MoreHistory of Injectable Tissue Engineering1656 Words   |  7 PagesInjectable Tissue Engineering INJECTABLE TISSUE ENGINEERING My part of the assignment is to provide a detailed history of Injectable Tissue Engineering. I must also provide details how Injectable Tissue Engineering affects the environment. Ttissue engineering has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years, offering the potential for regenerating almost every tissue and organ of the human body. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine remain a flourishing area of research with manyRead MoreDifferences Between Pla And Pla1208 Words   |  5 Pages Investigations into 2D material substrates were designed to include a number of principles associated with a 3D biodegradable scaffold surface. Firstly cytoskeletal tensions are known to influence MSC lineage commitment on substrates of different elasticities. Figure 8 1 demonstrates hypothetical differences in substrate elasticity as a result of agglomeration. Results from chapter 5 did not specifically address the differences in substrate elasticity due to difficulties with HAp dispersion withinRead MoreEudragit Polymers Be Selected As A Carrier For Fabrication Of Nannofibers?769 Words   |  4 Pagesstructure and therefore makes itself an excellent candidate for use in tissue engineering (Wnek et al, 2003, Khil et al, 2003), cartilage (Fertala et al, 2001, Li et al, 2003), bones (Yoshimoto et al, 2003), arterial blood vessel (Nagapudi et al, 2002), heart (Zong et al, 2003), nerves (Yang et al, 2004) controlled drug release (Kenawy et al, 2002, Zeng et al, 2003) etc. The requirements for a material to be used for tissue engineering purposes are biocompatibility, and biodegradability, as they shouldRead MoreMy Central Nervous System ( Cns )2557 Words   |  11 Pagesinduces the recruitment and activation of immune cells associated with cytokine release [4]. The increased permeability of the BSCB allows for these immune cells to infiltrat e the site of primary injury and further contribute to axonal degeneration and tissue damage [4,8,9,10]. The cascade of events following primary injury (also known as secondary injury) includes: demyelination, glial scar formation, and inhibition of the regenerative process [11]. Conduction deficits result from demyelination causedRead MoreThe Elimination Of A Revision Surgery2244 Words   |  9 Pagescurvature. Current surgical treatment utilizes Titanium alloy spinal implants, rods and screws, to correct scoliosis and hold the spine stable while the bones heal. Even after the initial surgical period, complications or poor results may become apparent due to loss of proper spinal balance (flatback, kyphotic decompensation syndrome), failure of good bone healing (pseudarthrosis) and degeneration or failure of unfused levels of the spine (decompensation, instability). [2-4]. At the time of this proposedRead MoreTechnology And Technology : A New Opportunity For Medicine2103 Words   |  9 Pagesart and commerce since its establishment three decades but has only recently received attention from the biotechnology industry. As of 2010 the potential of 3D printing in areas of tissue engineering and body part creation has been realised; in fact whole new terms such as bio-printing and computer-aided tissue engineering have been established to complement this growing industry1. Three dimensional printing, also termed rapid prototyping (RP) 2, poses an exciting new opportunity for medicine as it